Hey, no shame here; there's a learning curve to fixing phones and nobody's going to blame you if you didn't get it 100% right your first time out.
Anyway, your phone doesn't have a ribbon cable from the fingerprint sensor plugged into the motherboard. What they did instead is put in a set of spring contacts so that when the back is installed, those contacts press against pads on a ribbon cable leading to the sensor. This picture shows you what I mean.
The red box shows the location of the spring contacts on the motherboard, and the green box is the corresponding pads on the phone's back. Use a pencil eraser to clean the pads and carefully go over the spring contacts to make sure there's no oxidation or dirt keeping the pins from making contact. Of course you'll also want to examine those springs carefully looking for any that are bent or broken; that would explain the issue. If you find any that are bent out of place, you may be able to carefully straighten them out with some fine tip tweezers.
The image was taken from a YouTube video showing the replacement of the fingerprint sensor by purchasing a new back that comes with the sensor and just replacing the whole back.
How to fix Finger Print Sensor On Your Android Smartphone - Most Models - YouTube
If you'd like a second opinion, open your phone back up and take some high resolution closeup photos of both connectors and add them to your question; that way we can see what you see and might be able to offer opinions. This guide shows how to add images.
Adding images to an existing question - iFixit Repair Guide
Good luck, and be sure to come back and let us know what you find
I am curious; exactly what did you fix on your phone?
by Jerry Wheeler
Well the buttons on my Stylo 6 started to fall out, so months ago I had to tape over them just to keep them in place though I did lose the volume button, after I acknowledged they were loose. So I decided to buy replacements on Aliexpress, when they arrived I wanted to enter the phone and secure the new ones firmly, despite never trying that before, I was nervous, for I didn't want to mess up my phone but I still tried anyway, now when I was in and it was time to replace them, what I realized is I accidentally bought the wrong buttons (it was meant for another LG Stylo 6 model) so after realizing my mistake I reassembled everything back with assistance from my father. Everything was functioning well but, eventually I realized the fingerprint sensor was responding, I tried settings again to test and see if the hardware is ok but it told me the fingerprint sensor isn't working so that's what led me to here to see why that's the case. After seeing your response I believe that could be the reason
by Antwone Bailey
When attaching the back cover, I'll admit I may have done it hastily it took me a while to realize everything maybe working but the fingerprint sensor might've need more attention than just simply reattaching the cover. When I saw those YouTube videos they just placed it back so I did the same as well thinking everything would be fine, but in retrospect, I was wrong.
by Antwone Bailey