{"wikiid":417978,"langid":"en","namespace":"CATEGORY","title":"Ophthalmology","revisionid":2676968,"contents_raw":"== Background and Identification ==\n\nOphthalmology is the area of medicine and surgery that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. An ophthalmologist may perform surgery on the eye if necessary or may study diseases of the eye such as cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration or eye tumors. They also perform examinations on patients including visual acuity, refraction, Ocular tonometry, slit lamp examination and retina exams.\n\n== Additional Information ==\n\n* [https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ophthalmology|Ophthalmology on Wikipedia]\n* [https:\/\/www.aao.org\/eye-health\/tips-prevention\/what-is-ophthalmologist|Ophthalmology on AAO.org]\n* [https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/standard-ophthalmic-exam|Ophthalmology on Healthline]","contents_json":{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Background and Identification"}]},{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Ophthalmology is the area of medicine and surgery that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. An ophthalmologist may perform surgery on the eye if necessary or may study diseases of the eye such as cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration or eye tumors. They also perform examinations on patients including visual acuity, refraction, Ocular tonometry, slit lamp examination and retina exams."}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Additional Information"}]},{"type":"bulletList","attrs":[],"content":[{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ophthalmology","target":false}}],"text":"Ophthalmology on Wikipedia"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.aao.org\/eye-health\/tips-prevention\/what-is-ophthalmologist","target":false}}],"text":"Ophthalmology on AAO.org"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/standard-ophthalmic-exam","target":false}}],"text":"Ophthalmology on Healthline"}]}]}]}]},"contents_rendered":"<div class=\"clearer\"><\/div><div class=\"headerContainer\"><a class=\"selfLink\" href=\"#Section_Background_and_Identification\" title=\"Link to this section\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span    class=\"fa-svg-icon\"><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" overflow=\"visible\"><!--! Font Awesome Pro 7.3.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license (Commercial License) Copyright 2026 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d=\"M427.5 88c-21.4 0-42.2 6.9-59.3 19.4-11.4-11.7-24.4-22.1-38.4-30.7 27-23.6 61.7-36.7 97.7-36.7 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 39.4-15.6 77.1-43.5 105l-79.1 79.1c-27.8 27.8-65.6 43.5-105 43.5-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-17.9 3.2-35.5 9.4-51.9 4.6-12.4 18.5-18.7 30.9-14.1S259 220 254.4 232.4c-4.2 11.1-6.4 23-6.4 35.2 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 26.6 0 52.2-10.6 71-29.4l79.1-79.1C517.4 240.6 528 215.1 528 188.5 528 133 483 88 427.5 88zm-200 56c-26.6 0-52.2 10.6-71 29.4L77.4 252.5c-18.8 18.8-29.4 44.4-29.4 71 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 21.4 0 42.2-6.9 59.3-19.4 11.4 11.8 24.4 22.1 38.4 30.7-27 23.6-61.7 36.7-97.7 36.7-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-39.4 15.6-77.1 43.5-105l79.1-79.1c27.8-27.8 65.6-43.5 105-43.5 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 17.9-3.2 35.5-9.4 51.9-4.6 12.4-18.5 18.7-30.9 14.1S317 292 321.6 279.6c4.2-11.1 6.4-23 6.4-35.1 0-55.5-45-100.5-100.5-100.5z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><h2 id=\"Section_Background_and_Identification\" class=\"header\">Background and Identification<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Ophthalmology is the area of medicine and surgery that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. An ophthalmologist may perform surgery on the eye if necessary or may study diseases of the eye such as cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration or eye tumors. They also perform examinations on patients including visual acuity, refraction, Ocular tonometry, slit lamp examination and retina exams.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"clearer\"><\/div><div class=\"headerContainer\"><a class=\"selfLink\" href=\"#Section_Additional_Information\" title=\"Link to this section\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span    class=\"fa-svg-icon\"><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" overflow=\"visible\"><!--! Font Awesome Pro 7.3.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license (Commercial License) Copyright 2026 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d=\"M427.5 88c-21.4 0-42.2 6.9-59.3 19.4-11.4-11.7-24.4-22.1-38.4-30.7 27-23.6 61.7-36.7 97.7-36.7 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 39.4-15.6 77.1-43.5 105l-79.1 79.1c-27.8 27.8-65.6 43.5-105 43.5-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-17.9 3.2-35.5 9.4-51.9 4.6-12.4 18.5-18.7 30.9-14.1S259 220 254.4 232.4c-4.2 11.1-6.4 23-6.4 35.2 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 26.6 0 52.2-10.6 71-29.4l79.1-79.1C517.4 240.6 528 215.1 528 188.5 528 133 483 88 427.5 88zm-200 56c-26.6 0-52.2 10.6-71 29.4L77.4 252.5c-18.8 18.8-29.4 44.4-29.4 71 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 21.4 0 42.2-6.9 59.3-19.4 11.4 11.8 24.4 22.1 38.4 30.7-27 23.6-61.7 36.7-97.7 36.7-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-39.4 15.6-77.1 43.5-105l79.1-79.1c27.8-27.8 65.6-43.5 105-43.5 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 17.9-3.2 35.5-9.4 51.9-4.6 12.4-18.5 18.7-30.9 14.1S317 292 321.6 279.6c4.2-11.1 6.4-23 6.4-35.1 0-55.5-45-100.5-100.5-100.5z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><h2 id=\"Section_Additional_Information\" class=\"header\">Additional Information<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ophthalmology\">Ophthalmology on Wikipedia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aao.org\/eye-health\/tips-prevention\/what-is-ophthalmologist\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Ophthalmology on AAO.org<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/standard-ophthalmic-exam\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Ophthalmology on Healthline<\/a><\/li><\/ul>","linked_wikis":[],"can_edit":true,"available_langids":["en","de","es","fr","it","jp","ko","nl","pt","ru","tr","zh"],"ancestors":[{"dataType":"wiki","wikiid":424438,"langid":"en","title":"Clinical Equipment","display_title":"Clinical Equipment","namespace":"CATEGORY","summary":"Service and repair information for medical devices most commonly used in a clinical setting.","url":"https:\/\/www.ifixit.com\/Device\/Clinical_Equipment","text":"Service and repair information for medical devices most commonly used in a clinical setting.","image":{"id":3076694,"guid":"q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi","mini":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.mini","thumbnail":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.thumbnail","140x105":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.140x105","200x150":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.200x150","standard":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.standard","440x330":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.440x330","medium":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.medium","large":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.large","huge":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.huge","original":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/q5qPhLJwOZejRdGi.full"},"modified_date":1792696444,"author":668072},{"dataType":"wiki","wikiid":17171,"langid":"en","title":"Medical Device","display_title":"Medical Device","namespace":"CATEGORY","summary":"Repair manuals and support documentation for devices used in a health care setting or procedure.","url":"https:\/\/www.ifixit.com\/Device\/Medical_Device","text":"Repair manuals and support documentation for devices used in a health care setting or procedure.","image":{"id":3076857,"guid":"yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B","mini":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.mini","thumbnail":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.thumbnail","140x105":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.140x105","200x150":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.200x150","standard":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.standard","440x330":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.440x330","medium":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.medium","large":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.large","huge":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.huge","original":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/yy4PBEHTeUqChV3B.full"},"modified_date":1792696418,"author":524640},{"dataType":"wiki","wikiid":11000,"langid":"en","title":"Root","display_title":"Root","namespace":"CATEGORY","summary":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ifixit.com\/Device\/Root","text":"Repair guides, manuals, and troubleshooting help for Root. 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Get everything you need to repair your Wagner Guder Ophthalmology yourself.","image":{"mini":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/4Jv34e5BLtyCBuno.mini","thumbnail":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/4Jv34e5BLtyCBuno.thumbnail","standard":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/4Jv34e5BLtyCBuno.standard","medium":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/4Jv34e5BLtyCBuno.medium"},"modified_date":1716920338,"author":1},{"dataType":"wiki","wikiid":421312,"langid":"en","title":"WaveLight Ophthalmology","display_title":"WaveLight Ophthalmology","namespace":"CATEGORY","summary":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ifixit.com\/Device\/WaveLight_Ophthalmology","text":"Repair guides, manuals, and troubleshooting help for WaveLight Ophthalmology. 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