{"wikiid":575680,"langid":"en","namespace":"CATEGORY","title":"Openwall Linux","revisionid":1289891,"contents_raw":"== Background Information ==\n\nOpenwall Linux, also shortened to Owl, is a lightweight security based linux distribution developed by Russian security specialist, and developer of [guide|150615|John the Ripper], Alexader Peslyak also known as Solar Designer.\n\nThe distribution is primarly designed for servers, appliances, and other virtual appliances.\n\n== Technical Sepcifications ==\n\n=== ***General Information*** ===\n\n* ***Developer:*** Alexander Peslyak (Solar Designer)\n* ***Licensing:*** GNU General Public License\n* ***OS Family:*** Linux (Unix-like)\n* ***Initial Release Date:*** March 13, 2002\n* ***Latest Release Date:*** July 3, 2018\n\n=== ***Availability Information*** ===\n\n* ***Languages:*** Multilingual\n* ***Platforms:*** \n** i586\n** i686\n** x86_64\n\n=== ***System Information*** ===\n\n* ***Working State:*** Dorment\n* ***Source Model:*** Open Source\n* ***Update Method:*** CD\n* ***Userland:*** GNU\n* ***Default User Interface:*** Text-Based\n\n== Additonal Information ==\n\n* [link|https:\/\/www.openwall.com\/Owl\/|Official Openwall Webpage]\n* [link|https:\/\/distrowatch.com\/table.php?distribution=openwall|Openwall Distrowatch Entry]","contents_json":{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Background Information"}]},{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Openwall Linux, also shortened to Owl, is a lightweight security based linux distribution developed by Russian security specialist, and developer of "},{"type":"text","text":"John the Ripper","marks":[{"type":"siteLink","attrs":{"kind":"guide","id":"150615","options":"","defaultText":null,"newWindow":false,"href":"\/Guide\/How+to+use+John+the+Ripper+in+Kali+Linux\/150615"}}]},{"type":"text","text":", Alexader Peslyak also known as Solar Designer."}]},{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"The distribution is primarly designed for servers, appliances, and other virtual appliances."}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Technical Sepcifications"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"General Information","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]}]},{"type":"bulletList","attrs":[],"content":[{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Developer:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" Alexander Peslyak (Solar Designer)"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Licensing:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" GNU General Public License"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"OS Family:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" Linux (Unix-like)"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Initial Release Date:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" March 13, 2002"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Latest Release Date:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" July 3, 2018"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Availability Information","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]}]},{"type":"bulletList","attrs":[],"content":[{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Languages:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" Multilingual"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Platforms:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"bulletList","attrs":[],"content":[{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"i586"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"i686"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"x86_64"}]}]}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"System Information","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]}]},{"type":"bulletList","attrs":[],"content":[{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Working State:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" Dorment"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Source Model:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" Open Source"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Update Method:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" CD"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Userland:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" GNU"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Default User Interface:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}]},{"type":"text","text":" Text-Based"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Additonal Information"}]},{"type":"bulletList","attrs":[],"content":[{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.openwall.com\/Owl\/","target":false}}],"text":"Official Openwall Webpage"}]}]},{"type":"listItem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/distrowatch.com\/table.php?distribution=openwall","target":false}}],"text":"Openwall Distrowatch Entry"}]}]}]}]},"contents_rendered":"<div class=\"clearer\"><\/div><div class=\"headerContainer\"><a class=\"selfLink\" href=\"#Section_Background_Information\" title=\"Link to this section\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span    class=\"fa-svg-icon\"><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" overflow=\"visible\"><!--! Font Awesome Pro 7.3.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license (Commercial License) Copyright 2026 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d=\"M427.5 88c-21.4 0-42.2 6.9-59.3 19.4-11.4-11.7-24.4-22.1-38.4-30.7 27-23.6 61.7-36.7 97.7-36.7 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 39.4-15.6 77.1-43.5 105l-79.1 79.1c-27.8 27.8-65.6 43.5-105 43.5-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-17.9 3.2-35.5 9.4-51.9 4.6-12.4 18.5-18.7 30.9-14.1S259 220 254.4 232.4c-4.2 11.1-6.4 23-6.4 35.2 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 26.6 0 52.2-10.6 71-29.4l79.1-79.1C517.4 240.6 528 215.1 528 188.5 528 133 483 88 427.5 88zm-200 56c-26.6 0-52.2 10.6-71 29.4L77.4 252.5c-18.8 18.8-29.4 44.4-29.4 71 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 21.4 0 42.2-6.9 59.3-19.4 11.4 11.8 24.4 22.1 38.4 30.7-27 23.6-61.7 36.7-97.7 36.7-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-39.4 15.6-77.1 43.5-105l79.1-79.1c27.8-27.8 65.6-43.5 105-43.5 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 17.9-3.2 35.5-9.4 51.9-4.6 12.4-18.5 18.7-30.9 14.1S317 292 321.6 279.6c4.2-11.1 6.4-23 6.4-35.1 0-55.5-45-100.5-100.5-100.5z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><h2 id=\"Section_Background_Information\" class=\"header\">Background Information<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p>Openwall Linux, also shortened to Owl, is a lightweight security based linux distribution developed by Russian security specialist, and developer of <a href=\"\/Guide\/How+to+use+John+the+Ripper+in+Kali+Linux\/150615\">John the Ripper<\/a>, Alexader Peslyak also known as Solar Designer.<\/p>\n\n<p>The distribution is primarly designed for servers, appliances, and other virtual appliances.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"clearer\"><\/div><div class=\"headerContainer\"><a class=\"selfLink\" href=\"#Section_Technical_Sepcifications\" title=\"Link to this section\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span    class=\"fa-svg-icon\"><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" overflow=\"visible\"><!--! Font Awesome Pro 7.3.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license (Commercial License) Copyright 2026 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d=\"M427.5 88c-21.4 0-42.2 6.9-59.3 19.4-11.4-11.7-24.4-22.1-38.4-30.7 27-23.6 61.7-36.7 97.7-36.7 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 39.4-15.6 77.1-43.5 105l-79.1 79.1c-27.8 27.8-65.6 43.5-105 43.5-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-17.9 3.2-35.5 9.4-51.9 4.6-12.4 18.5-18.7 30.9-14.1S259 220 254.4 232.4c-4.2 11.1-6.4 23-6.4 35.2 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 26.6 0 52.2-10.6 71-29.4l79.1-79.1C517.4 240.6 528 215.1 528 188.5 528 133 483 88 427.5 88zm-200 56c-26.6 0-52.2 10.6-71 29.4L77.4 252.5c-18.8 18.8-29.4 44.4-29.4 71 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 21.4 0 42.2-6.9 59.3-19.4 11.4 11.8 24.4 22.1 38.4 30.7-27 23.6-61.7 36.7-97.7 36.7-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-39.4 15.6-77.1 43.5-105l79.1-79.1c27.8-27.8 65.6-43.5 105-43.5 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 17.9-3.2 35.5-9.4 51.9-4.6 12.4-18.5 18.7-30.9 14.1S317 292 321.6 279.6c4.2-11.1 6.4-23 6.4-35.1 0-55.5-45-100.5-100.5-100.5z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><h2 id=\"Section_Technical_Sepcifications\" class=\"header\">Technical Sepcifications<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"clearer\"><\/div><div class=\"headerContainer\"><a class=\"selfLink\" href=\"#Section__General_Information\" title=\"Link to this section\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span    class=\"fa-svg-icon\"><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" overflow=\"visible\"><!--! Font Awesome Pro 7.3.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license (Commercial License) Copyright 2026 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d=\"M427.5 88c-21.4 0-42.2 6.9-59.3 19.4-11.4-11.7-24.4-22.1-38.4-30.7 27-23.6 61.7-36.7 97.7-36.7 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 39.4-15.6 77.1-43.5 105l-79.1 79.1c-27.8 27.8-65.6 43.5-105 43.5-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-17.9 3.2-35.5 9.4-51.9 4.6-12.4 18.5-18.7 30.9-14.1S259 220 254.4 232.4c-4.2 11.1-6.4 23-6.4 35.2 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 26.6 0 52.2-10.6 71-29.4l79.1-79.1C517.4 240.6 528 215.1 528 188.5 528 133 483 88 427.5 88zm-200 56c-26.6 0-52.2 10.6-71 29.4L77.4 252.5c-18.8 18.8-29.4 44.4-29.4 71 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 21.4 0 42.2-6.9 59.3-19.4 11.4 11.8 24.4 22.1 38.4 30.7-27 23.6-61.7 36.7-97.7 36.7-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-39.4 15.6-77.1 43.5-105l79.1-79.1c27.8-27.8 65.6-43.5 105-43.5 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 17.9-3.2 35.5-9.4 51.9-4.6 12.4-18.5 18.7-30.9 14.1S317 292 321.6 279.6c4.2-11.1 6.4-23 6.4-35.1 0-55.5-45-100.5-100.5-100.5z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><h3 id=\"Section__General_Information\" class=\"header\"><strong>General Information<\/strong><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<ul><li><strong>Developer:<\/strong> Alexander Peslyak (Solar Designer)<\/li><li><strong>Licensing:<\/strong> GNU General Public License<\/li><li><strong>OS Family:<\/strong> Linux (Unix-like)<\/li><li><strong>Initial Release Date:<\/strong> March 13, 2002<\/li><li><strong>Latest Release Date:<\/strong> July 3, 2018<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"clearer\"><\/div><div class=\"headerContainer\"><a class=\"selfLink\" href=\"#Section__Availability_Information\" title=\"Link to this section\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span    class=\"fa-svg-icon\"><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" overflow=\"visible\"><!--! Font Awesome Pro 7.3.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license (Commercial License) Copyright 2026 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d=\"M427.5 88c-21.4 0-42.2 6.9-59.3 19.4-11.4-11.7-24.4-22.1-38.4-30.7 27-23.6 61.7-36.7 97.7-36.7 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 39.4-15.6 77.1-43.5 105l-79.1 79.1c-27.8 27.8-65.6 43.5-105 43.5-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-17.9 3.2-35.5 9.4-51.9 4.6-12.4 18.5-18.7 30.9-14.1S259 220 254.4 232.4c-4.2 11.1-6.4 23-6.4 35.2 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 26.6 0 52.2-10.6 71-29.4l79.1-79.1C517.4 240.6 528 215.1 528 188.5 528 133 483 88 427.5 88zm-200 56c-26.6 0-52.2 10.6-71 29.4L77.4 252.5c-18.8 18.8-29.4 44.4-29.4 71 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 21.4 0 42.2-6.9 59.3-19.4 11.4 11.8 24.4 22.1 38.4 30.7-27 23.6-61.7 36.7-97.7 36.7-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-39.4 15.6-77.1 43.5-105l79.1-79.1c27.8-27.8 65.6-43.5 105-43.5 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 17.9-3.2 35.5-9.4 51.9-4.6 12.4-18.5 18.7-30.9 14.1S317 292 321.6 279.6c4.2-11.1 6.4-23 6.4-35.1 0-55.5-45-100.5-100.5-100.5z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><h3 id=\"Section__Availability_Information\" class=\"header\"><strong>Availability Information<\/strong><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<ul><li><strong>Languages:<\/strong> Multilingual<\/li><li><strong>Platforms:<\/strong> <ul><li>i586<\/li><li>i686<\/li><li>x86_64<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"clearer\"><\/div><div class=\"headerContainer\"><a class=\"selfLink\" href=\"#Section__System_Information\" title=\"Link to this section\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span    class=\"fa-svg-icon\"><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" overflow=\"visible\"><!--! Font Awesome Pro 7.3.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license (Commercial License) Copyright 2026 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d=\"M427.5 88c-21.4 0-42.2 6.9-59.3 19.4-11.4-11.7-24.4-22.1-38.4-30.7 27-23.6 61.7-36.7 97.7-36.7 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 39.4-15.6 77.1-43.5 105l-79.1 79.1c-27.8 27.8-65.6 43.5-105 43.5-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-17.9 3.2-35.5 9.4-51.9 4.6-12.4 18.5-18.7 30.9-14.1S259 220 254.4 232.4c-4.2 11.1-6.4 23-6.4 35.2 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 26.6 0 52.2-10.6 71-29.4l79.1-79.1C517.4 240.6 528 215.1 528 188.5 528 133 483 88 427.5 88zm-200 56c-26.6 0-52.2 10.6-71 29.4L77.4 252.5c-18.8 18.8-29.4 44.4-29.4 71 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 21.4 0 42.2-6.9 59.3-19.4 11.4 11.8 24.4 22.1 38.4 30.7-27 23.6-61.7 36.7-97.7 36.7-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-39.4 15.6-77.1 43.5-105l79.1-79.1c27.8-27.8 65.6-43.5 105-43.5 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 17.9-3.2 35.5-9.4 51.9-4.6 12.4-18.5 18.7-30.9 14.1S317 292 321.6 279.6c4.2-11.1 6.4-23 6.4-35.1 0-55.5-45-100.5-100.5-100.5z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><h3 id=\"Section__System_Information\" class=\"header\"><strong>System Information<\/strong><\/h3><\/div>\n\n<ul><li><strong>Working State:<\/strong> Dorment<\/li><li><strong>Source Model:<\/strong> Open Source<\/li><li><strong>Update Method:<\/strong> CD<\/li><li><strong>Userland:<\/strong> GNU<\/li><li><strong>Default User Interface:<\/strong> Text-Based<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"clearer\"><\/div><div class=\"headerContainer\"><a class=\"selfLink\" href=\"#Section_Additonal_Information\" title=\"Link to this section\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span    class=\"fa-svg-icon\"><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" overflow=\"visible\"><!--! Font Awesome Pro 7.3.1 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license (Commercial License) Copyright 2026 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d=\"M427.5 88c-21.4 0-42.2 6.9-59.3 19.4-11.4-11.7-24.4-22.1-38.4-30.7 27-23.6 61.7-36.7 97.7-36.7 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 39.4-15.6 77.1-43.5 105l-79.1 79.1c-27.8 27.8-65.6 43.5-105 43.5-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-17.9 3.2-35.5 9.4-51.9 4.6-12.4 18.5-18.7 30.9-14.1S259 220 254.4 232.4c-4.2 11.1-6.4 23-6.4 35.2 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 26.6 0 52.2-10.6 71-29.4l79.1-79.1C517.4 240.6 528 215.1 528 188.5 528 133 483 88 427.5 88zm-200 56c-26.6 0-52.2 10.6-71 29.4L77.4 252.5c-18.8 18.8-29.4 44.4-29.4 71 0 55.5 45 100.5 100.5 100.5 21.4 0 42.2-6.9 59.3-19.4 11.4 11.8 24.4 22.1 38.4 30.7-27 23.6-61.7 36.7-97.7 36.7-82 0-148.5-66.5-148.5-148.5 0-39.4 15.6-77.1 43.5-105l79.1-79.1c27.8-27.8 65.6-43.5 105-43.5 82 0 148.5 66.5 148.5 148.5 0 17.9-3.2 35.5-9.4 51.9-4.6 12.4-18.5 18.7-30.9 14.1S317 292 321.6 279.6c4.2-11.1 6.4-23 6.4-35.1 0-55.5-45-100.5-100.5-100.5z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><h2 id=\"Section_Additonal_Information\" class=\"header\">Additonal Information<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.openwall.com\/Owl\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Official Openwall Webpage<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/distrowatch.com\/table.php?distribution=openwall\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Openwall Distrowatch Entry<\/a><\/li><\/ul>","linked_wikis":[],"can_edit":true,"available_langids":["en","de","es","fr","it","jp","ko","nl","pt","ru","tr","zh"],"ancestors":[{"dataType":"wiki","wikiid":50536,"langid":"en","title":"Linux","display_title":"Linux","namespace":"CATEGORY","summary":"Contrary to popular belief, Linux is not an operating system but an operating system kernel that is used as the base for an operating system and is mostly used on servers, however, it can also be used on a standard desktop.","url":"https:\/\/www.ifixit.com\/Device\/Linux","text":"Contrary to popular belief, Linux is not an operating system but an operating system kernel that is used as the base for an operating system and is mostly used on servers, however, it can also be used on a standard desktop.","image":{"id":3416519,"guid":"SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj","mini":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.mini","thumbnail":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.thumbnail","140x105":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.140x105","200x150":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.200x150","standard":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.standard","440x330":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.440x330","medium":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.medium","large":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.large","huge":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.huge","original":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/SkAMSEPHVSSGlBLj.full"},"modified_date":1738182586,"author":76599},{"dataType":"wiki","wikiid":15264,"langid":"en","title":"Software","display_title":"Software","namespace":"CATEGORY","summary":"Machine-readable instructions that direct computer processors.","url":"https:\/\/www.ifixit.com\/Device\/Software","text":"Machine-readable instructions that direct computer processors.","image":{"id":3092292,"guid":"NLm3fIb16JiHff4W","mini":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.mini","thumbnail":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.thumbnail","140x105":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.140x105","200x150":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.200x150","standard":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.standard","440x330":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.440x330","medium":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.medium","large":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.large","huge":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.huge","original":"https:\/\/guide-images.cdn.ifixit.com\/igi\/NLm3fIb16JiHff4W.full"},"modified_date":1777897474,"author":104104},{"dataType":"wiki","wikiid":9470,"langid":"en","title":"Skills","display_title":"Skills","namespace":"CATEGORY","summary":"There are so many things we could do if we only knew how. This area aims to catalog most specialized skills necessary to perform certain kinds of repairs.","url":"https:\/\/www.ifixit.com\/Device\/Skills","text":"There are so many things we could do if we only knew how. 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