Short on Main after a drop

Have you measured the PP_VCC_MAIN line to see what the actual resistance is? That is the main power line so it's normal that it would heat up first and the PMIC & CPU are the largest consumers of VCC_MAIN current.

When dealing with a “dead” phone, there is no "silver-bullet" solution. You have to probe the board to get a better understanding of what is working properly and what is not. It may be a simple solution or a complex one. Sometimes we see a visibly blown cap, replace and all is well. Other times, everything looks perfect yet the phone won't boot.

You have to start at the beginning and check PP_BATT_VCC, PP_VCC_MAIN and PP5V0_USB. I would start by checking to see if those rails are shorted to ground. If one of these rails is shorted to ground, then you will need to identify what is causing the short. It could be a bad decoupling capacitor, conductive debris or defective IC that is directly supplied by those rails.

If they are not shorted, then you can connect, preferably, a known-good battery (or a current limited DC power supply with the appropriate connector adapter) to see what voltage you measure. If the voltage is low or lower than the battery voltage (which you measured before plugging it in ;>), then there could be a short circuit on secondary subsystem that is causing the battery or DCPS to be current-limited.

If you are measuring the proper voltage, then you move onto the PMIC and check the voltage rails it generates. The PMIC generates ~25 voltage rails.