"Power Surge" when connecting iPod to computer

When I plug my iPod Classic (Thin 160GB) into my computer to update or sync, I get this message:

Power Surge on the USB port

Unknown usb device needs more power than the port can supply.

I have no problems connecting my old iPod video and updating or syncing it. I think it all started when I tried to plug the Classic into the USB port in my wife's car with a cheap cable. Now I can only charge it through my car with an aftermarket iPod adapter I use to play it through the factory radio and can only listen to through my car or headphones. No other plug or device allows me to use it.

I have an idea of what it would take to fix it, but I'm curious if anybody has experience or ideas that could point me in the right direction. Thank you.